A Bariatric Medicine Dictionary
A Glossary to Better Understand the Bariatric Literature
- Absorption – Process by which digested food is absorbed by the lower part of the small intestine into the blood stream
- Adipose – Fatty; pertaining to fat
- Anastomosis – Surgical connection between two hollow structures
- Bariatric – Pertaining to weight or weight reduction
- BMI – Body Mass Index- Method of calculating degree of excess weight. Based on weight and body surface area(link)
- Cardiovascular – Pertaining to heart and blood vessels
- Clinically severe obesity – Body Mass Index of 40 or more, which is roughly equivalent to 45 kg or more over ideal body weight; or BMI over 35 with relevant co-morbidities (see below); a weight level that is life risking. Also known as Morbid Obesity
- Co-Morbid – Associated illness (i.e., arthritis, hypertension) disabling conditions associated with clinically severe obesity or obesity related health conditions
- Colon – Large intestine beginning at the end of the small intestine and ending at the rectum
Contraindications – Any symptom or circumstance indicating the inappropriateness of an otherwise advisable treatment (i.e., alcoholism; drug dependency; severe depression; sociopathic (antisocial) personality disorder)
- Criteria – Defines potential candidate for surgery
- Digestion – Process by which food is broken down by stomach and upper small intestine into absorbable forms
- Dilation – Process of enlarging a passage or anastomosis
- Disease – Process injurious to health and/or longevity
- Divided Gastric Bypass – Operation providing a tool for management of clinically severe obesity
- Dumping syndrome – Uncomfortable feeling of nausea, lightheadedness, upset stomach, diarrhea, associated with ingestion of sweets, high-calorie liquids or dairy products
- Duodenum – First 30 cm of small intestine immediately below stomach. Bile and pancreatic fluids flow into duodenum through ducts from liver and pancreas respectively.
- Gastric – Pertaining to stomach
- Gastric Bypass – Operation designed to make non-functional a portion of the stomach(link)
- Gastrointestinal – Pertaining to stomach or intestine
- Gastrojejunostomyanastomosis – Upper connection of the Gastric Bypass operation
- Gastroplasty – Operation for morbid obesity which reshapes the stomach
- Genetic – Pertains to transmitted hereditary characteristics
- Hernia – A weakness in the abdominal wall resulting in a detectable bulge(link)
- Herniation – Process in which a hernia is formed
- Hyperosmolality – Presence of highly concentrated substances capable of producing dumping syndrome
- Hypertension – High blood pressure
- IFSO ? International Federation for Surgery of obesity
- Ileum – 2.5 m of small intestine, responsible for absorption
- Jejunum – 2.5 m of small intestine; the part responsible for digestion
- Laparoscopy – Method of visualizing and treating intra-abdominal problems with long instruments, requiring small incisions only, aka keyhole surgery
- Morbid – Pertaining to death
- Multidisciplinary – Team approach to evaluation and treatment of clinically severe obesity; includes surgical, internal medicine, nutrition, psychiatric, and exercise physiology assessment and treatment
- Obesity – Pertaining to excessive weight or adipose tissue
- Obstructions – Narrowing of an anastomosis or segment of gastrointestinal tract which retards normal passage of food or waste materials
- OSSANZ ? Obesity Surgical Society of Australia and New Zealand
- Psychology – Evaluation of mentally related problems
- Psychotherapy – Treatment of mentally related problems
- Pulmonary – Pertains to lungs
- Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass – A surgical method of reconnecting the stomach and upper small intestines in roughly a Y shape
- Staples – Surgically sterile devices for connecting tissue; usually permanent and made of stainless steel or titanium
- Strictures– Narrowing of anastomosis or section of intestine; often related to scarring or ulcers
- Therapy– Treatment
- Type II Diabetes– A disorder of glucose and insulin metabolism
- VBG– Vertical Banded Gastroplasty: A type of operation to treat clinically severe obesity. Reshapes and restricts the stomach.
- VSG ? Vertical sleeve gastrectomy ? a surgical method of removing large portion of the stomach to produce significant reduction in volume and hence restriction in food intake without any changes to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT)